MRI-based brain structural changes in adult-onset dentatorubral–pallidoluysian atrophy

基于磁共振成像的成人起病型齿状核红核苍白球路易体萎缩的脑结构变化

Adult-onset dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) is a rare autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia subtype, characterized by widespread brain neurodegeneration. However, comprehensive studies on whole-brain structural changes remain limited. This study aimed to quantify brain structural damage in adult-onset DRPLA and correlate these findings with clinical data. DRPLA should be considered a multisystem neurodegenerative disease, characterized by widespread and severe gray matter and WM atrophy throughout the brain. The advanced MRI techniques employed in this study expand our understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.

成人起病的齿状核红核苍白球路易体萎缩症（DRPLA）是一种罕见的常染色体显性遗传性脊髓小脑性共济失调亚型，其特征为广泛的大脑神经退行性病变。然而，关于全脑结构变化的综合研究仍然有限。本研究旨在量化成人起病DRPLA患者的脑结构损伤，并将这些发现与临床数据相关联。DRPLA应被视为一种多系统神经退行性疾病，其特征为全脑广泛且严重的灰质和白质萎缩。本研究采用的先进磁共振成像技术拓展了我们对潜在病理生理机制的理解。

REF: Li M, Chen X, Yuan R, et al. MRI-based brain structural changes in adult-onset dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy. Neuroradiology. Published online April 29, 2025. doi:10.1007/s00234-025-03624-y PMID: 40298952

Absent enhancement interface sign: a novel radiologic indicator of intrasellar arachnoid cysts

无强化界面征：一种诊断鞍内蛛网膜囊肿的新型影像学指标

Intrasellar arachnoid cysts are extremely rare, and their differentiation from other cystic lesions can be challenging because of their similar imaging characteristics. We believe that this sign will lead to more accurate diagnosis and improve surgical planning.

鞍内蛛网膜囊肿极为罕见，由于其影像学特征与其他囊性病变相似，将其与其他囊性病变区分开来颇具挑战性。我们认为这一征象将有助于更准确的诊断并完善手术方案。

REF: Melo A, Almeida L, Gadelha M, Kasuki L, Ventura N. Absent enhancement interface sign: a novel radiologic indicator of intrasellar arachnoid cysts. Neuroradiology. Published online April 28, 2025. doi:10.1007/s00234-025-03622-0 PMID: 40293472

Tumor features in adult papillary and adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma: neuroradiological evaluation of pituitary-hypothalamic-axis dysfunction and outcome prediction

成人乳头状和釉质瘤型颅咽管瘤的肿瘤特征：垂体 - 下丘脑轴功能障碍的神经影像学评估及预后预测

To identify radiological features distinguishing adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) from papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP) and assess their impact on pituitary-hypothalamic-axis dysfunction and post-surgery recurrence. Tumor location relative to the third ventricle and associated parenchymal changes are independent predictors of hypothalamic dysfunction, regardless of tumor histotype. ACP's cystic composition characterized by a higher concentration of thick or proteinaceous material and peripheral calcifications predict poorer surgical outcomes.

识别可区分成釉细胞型颅咽管瘤（ACP）和乳头型颅咽管瘤（PCP）的影像学特征，并评估这些特征对垂体 - 下丘脑轴功能障碍和术后复发的影响。无论肿瘤组织学类型如何，肿瘤相对于第三脑室的位置以及相关的实质改变是下丘脑功能障碍的独立预测因素。ACP的囊性成分以较高浓度的浓稠物质或含蛋白质物质以及周边钙化灶为特征，提示手术预后较差。

REF: Calandrelli R, Pilato F, D'Apolito G, et al. Tumor features in adult papillary and adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma: neuroradiological evaluation of pituitary-hypothalamic-axis dysfunction and outcome prediction. Neuroradiology. Published online April 28, 2025. doi:10.1007/s00234-025-03615-z PMID: 40293470

Advanced neuroimaging in systemic lupus erythematosus: identifying biomarkers for cognitive dysfunction

系统性红斑狼疮的高级神经影像学：识别认知功能障碍的生物标志物

Cognitive dysfunction (CD) is a common manifestation of central nervous system involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Patients with SLE may develop CD insidiously at an early stage of the disease, and the lack of a standardized diagnostic test poses a major challenge in prompt diagnosis and management of these patients. This review summaries the current application of various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques for patients with SLE complicated with CD, aiming to identify potential quantitative neuroimaging biomarkers for patients with SLE and CD. Advanced MRI analysis can identify the abnormalities in the whole brain and local brain regions associated with CD in patients with SLE. The integration of machine learning and multimodal MRI offers new perspectives for early identification and mechanistic studies of CD in SLE patients. More studies are needed to identify potential neuroimaging biomarkers to facilitate early diagnosis, timely treatment, and accurate prognosis for SLE patients with CD.

认知功能障碍（CD）是系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者中枢神经系统受累的常见表现。SLE患者可能在疾病早期隐匿性地出现CD，且缺乏标准化诊断测试对这些患者的及时诊断和管理构成了重大挑战。本综述总结了各种磁共振成像（MRI）技术在SLE合并CD患者中的当前应用，旨在为SLE合并CD患者确定潜在的定量神经影像学生物标志物。先进的MRI分析可识别SLE患者全脑和局部脑区与CD相关的异常。机器学习与多模态MRI的结合为SLE患者CD的早期识别和机制研究提供了新视角。需要开展更多研究来确定潜在的神经影像学生物标志物，以促进SLE合并CD患者的早期诊断、及时治疗和准确预后评估。

REF: Wu C, Deng K, Zhang Y, et al. Advanced neuroimaging in systemic lupus erythematosus: identifying biomarkers for cognitive dysfunction. Neuroradiology. Published online April 28, 2025. doi:10.1007/s00234-025-03619-9 PMID: 40293471

Styloid process-related internal carotid artery dissection: extensive literature review of diagnosis, treatment and outcomes (exemplified with a single-center case series)

茎突相关的颈内动脉夹层：诊断、治疗及预后的全面文献综述（以单中心病例系列为例）

Internal carotid artery dissection (ICA-D) frequently leads to ischemic stroke in individuals under 50 years. There is mounting evidence on the role of the styloid process (SP) in ICA-D, particularly SP length and the SP-ICA distance. Despite having clear guidelines on the treatment of SP-related Eagle syndrome and ICA-D, the concept of SP-related ICA-D is relatively new and no therapeutic guidelines exist. In case of a correctly diagnosed SP-related ICA-D, a styloidectomy may offer a curative option, but more research is needed for clear indications and standardized guidelines to prevent recurrent symptoms or strokes.

颈内动脉夹层（ICA - D）常导致50岁以下人群发生缺血性中风。越来越多的证据表明茎突（SP）在颈内动脉夹层中发挥作用，尤其是茎突长度和茎突与颈内动脉的距离。尽管对于与茎突相关的 Eagle 综合征和颈内动脉夹层的治疗有明确指南，但与茎突相关的颈内动脉夹层这一概念相对较新，且尚无治疗指南。如果能正确诊断为与茎突相关的颈内动脉夹层，茎突切除术可能是一种治愈方案，但需要更多研究来明确适应证和制定标准化指南，以预防症状复发或中风。

REF: Klail T, Sachs L, Panos LD, et al. Styloid process-related internal carotid artery dissection: extensive literature review of diagnosis, treatment and outcomes (exemplified with a single-center case series). Neuroradiology. Published online April 26, 2025. doi:10.1007/s00234-025-03616-y PMID: 40285871

Rupture of a true anterior spinal artery aneurysm at its intracranial origin: a short report

颅内起始段真性脊髓前动脉动脉瘤破裂：一则简短报告

Rupture of an anterior spinal artery (ASA) aneurysm at its intracranial origin is an exceptionally rare cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We report a case of a 69- year old adult male presented with agitation and neck pain, initially without neurological deficit, which worsened to coma upon admission to our center, approximately 8 h after the onset of symptoms. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed massive SAH in the basal cisterns with intraventricular extension (Fisher IV), and CT angiography identified a ruptured aneurysm at the ASA origin, with no visualization of the distal ASA. The only surgical procedure performed was external ventricular drainage due to the development of obstructive hydrocephalus, together with conservative management based on the patient's clinical status and neuroradiological findings, with a fatal outcome 17 days later. This is the first reported case of a ruptured intracranial ASA aneurysm originating directly from the ASA main stem, and highlights the challenges of managing SAH combined with catastrophic spinal cord damage.

颅内段脊髓前动脉（ASA）动脉瘤破裂是蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）极为罕见的病因。我们报告了一例69岁成年男性患者，该患者起初表现为烦躁和颈部疼痛，最初并无神经功能缺损症状，但在症状出现约8小时后被送至我院时，病情恶化至昏迷。计算机断层扫描（CT）显示基底池大量蛛网膜下腔出血并破入脑室（Fisher IV级），CT血管造影显示脊髓前动脉起始部动脉瘤破裂，未显示脊髓前动脉远端。鉴于患者出现梗阻性脑积水，仅进行了脑室外引流手术，并根据患者的临床状况和神经影像学检查结果采取了保守治疗，患者于17天后死亡。这是首例报告的直接起源于脊髓前动脉主干的颅内段脊髓前动脉破裂动脉瘤病例，凸显了处理合并灾难性脊髓损伤的蛛网膜下腔出血的挑战。

REF: Lepić M, Bogićević I, Novaković N, Stanković S, Đurđević A, Pavlicević G. Rupture of a true anterior spinal artery aneurysm at its intracranial origin: a short report. Neuroradiology. Published online April 25, 2025. doi:10.1007/s00234-025-03626-w PMID: 40278844

A systematic review of application of frequency-domain optical coherence tomography in cerebral large artery atherosclerosis

频域光学相干断层扫描在大脑大动脉粥样硬化中的应用系统评价

Frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) is an emerging intravascular imaging modality that offers exceptional spatial resolution in interventional neuroradiology. We aimed to systematically review clinical studies on the applications of FD-OCT in cerebral large artery atherosclerosis (LAA). FD-OCT has emerged as a valuable intravascular imaging tool for evaluating the intrinsic properties of culprit lesions and stent-vessel interactions, showing substantial potential in the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of cerebral LAA.

频域光学相干断层扫描（FD - OCT）是一种新兴的血管内成像技术，在介入神经放射学领域具有出色的空间分辨率。我们旨在系统回顾关于FD - OCT在大脑大动脉粥样硬化（LAA）应用方面的临床研究。FD - OCT已成为评估罪犯病变固有特性和支架 - 血管相互作用的一种有价值的血管内成像工具，在大脑LAA的诊断、评估和治疗方面显示出巨大潜力。

REF: Tang T, Zhou J, Thomas AM, Li D, Li S. A systematic review of application of frequency-domain optical coherence tomography in cerebral large artery atherosclerosis. Neuroradiology. Published online April 25, 2025. doi:10.1007/s00234-025-03625-x PMID: 40278846

Association between movement impairments and glymphatic system dysfunction in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy using DTI-ALPS

运用扩散张量成像-自动局部容积法（DTI - ALPS）研究痉挛性双瘫型脑瘫运动障碍与类淋巴系统功能障碍之间的关联

The role of the glymphatic system in occult cerebral palsy (CP) remains unclear. In this study, glymphatic system function and its association with motor impairment in occult CP patients was investigated using diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS). Our findings show that occult CP patients have reduced ALPS indices, suggesting glymphatic system dysfunction. Lower ALPS indices were associated with higher motor function grades, indicating a potential link between glymphatic system dysfunction and motor impairment in CP patients.

类淋巴系统在隐匿性脑瘫（CP）中的作用仍不清楚。在这项研究中，采用沿血管周围间隙的扩散张量成像分析（DTI - ALPS）方法，对隐匿性脑瘫患者的类淋巴系统功能及其与运动障碍的关联进行了研究。我们的研究结果显示，隐匿性脑瘫患者的ALPS指数降低，提示类淋巴系统功能障碍。较低的ALPS指数与较高的运动功能分级相关，这表明在脑瘫患者中，类淋巴系统功能障碍与运动障碍之间可能存在联系。

REF: Wang M, Jiang X, Nie B, et al. Association between movement impairments and glymphatic system dysfunction in spastic diplegic cerebral palsy using DTI-ALPS. Neuroradiology. Published online April 25, 2025. doi:10.1007/s00234-025-03628-8 PMID: 40278845

CT perfusion enhances accuracy of intracranial occlusion detection in acute stroke: effect of specialty and experience level

CT灌注成像提高急性卒中颅内闭塞检测的准确性：专业和经验水平的影响

Detection of intracranial arterial occlusions on CT angiography (CTA) can be challenging. We studied the value of CT perfusion (CTP) for arterial occlusion detection in the anterior circulation amongst radiologists and neurologists, both experienced and less experienced. Assistance of CTP maps may improve the accuracy of intracranial occlusion detection on CTA. In this study, the benefit was most profound for distal occlusions, regardless of experience level or specialty background of the rater.

在CT血管造影（CTA）上检测颅内动脉闭塞可能具有挑战性。我们研究了CT灌注成像（CTP）在有经验和经验较少的放射科医生及神经科医生检测前循环动脉闭塞中的价值。CTP图的辅助可能会提高在CTA上检测颅内闭塞的准确性。在这项研究中，无论评估者的经验水平或专业背景如何，对于远端闭塞而言，这种辅助的益处最为显著。

REF: Lambert J, Coursier K, Michiels L, et al. CT perfusion enhances accuracy of intracranial occlusion detection in acute stroke: effect of specialty and experience level. Neuroradiology. Published online April 24, 2025. doi:10.1007/s00234-025-03618-w PMID: 40272467