Global Trends and Hotspots of Research on the Inflammatory Mechanisms for Spinal Cord Injury: A Bibliometric Analysis

脊髓损伤炎症机制研究的全球趋势与热点：一项文献计量学分析

Excessive inflammatory responses following spinal cord injury (SCI) contribute to poor prognosis. Hence, the inflammatory mechanisms underlying SCI development are being increasingly explored. By conducting a bibliometric analysis, this study investigated global research trends and emerging hotspots in this domain. Substantial progress has been achieved in understanding the inflammatory mechanisms underlying SCI development. The volume of related publications continues to increase, predominantly in China and the United States. Researchers from the United States and Canada have the highest academic influence. Emerging research hotspots include hydrogels, exosomes, and signaling pathways.

脊髓损伤（SCI）后过度的炎症反应会导致预后不良。因此，人们对SCI发展过程中的炎症机制进行了越来越多的探索。本研究通过文献计量分析，探讨了该领域的全球研究趋势和新兴热点。在理解SCI发展的炎症机制方面已取得重大进展。相关出版物的数量持续增加，主要来自中国和美国。美国和加拿大的研究人员具有最高的学术影响力。新兴研究热点包括水凝胶、外泌体和信号通路。

REF: Gao S, Feng J, Li S, Wu X, Sheng W. Global Trends and Hotspots of Research on the Inflammatory Mechanisms for Spinal Cord Injury: A Bibliometric Analysis. World Neurosurg. Published online November 3, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124610 PMID: 41192504

Comparing Percutaneous Kyphoplasty Outcomes in Very Severe Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures Across Distinct Spinal Segments: Upper/Middle Thoracic versus Thoracolumbar

不同脊柱节段极重度骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折经皮椎体后凸成形术的疗效比较：胸上/中段与胸腰段

To comparatively evaluate therapeutic outcomes and complications of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) treatment for very severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (vsOVCF) located in different segments, providing evidence-based recommendations for anatomical region-specific management. PKP provides significant pain relief and functional improvement in vsOVCF, regardless of the lesion's location. However, thoraco/lumbar vsOVCF demonstrate substantially higher risk of augmented vertebral recollapse after PKP.

为比较评估经皮椎体后凸成形术（PKP）治疗不同节段极重度骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折（vsOVCF）的治疗效果和并发症，为特定解剖区域的管理提供循证建议。无论病变位置如何，PKP 都能显著缓解 vsOVCF 患者的疼痛并改善其功能。然而，胸/腰段 vsOVCF 在 PKP 术后椎体再塌陷的风险显著更高。

REF: Liu J, Xia B, Xie S, Zhang Y, Wang W, Tang J. Comparing Percutaneous Kyphoplasty Outcomes in Very Severe Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures Across Distinct Spinal Segments: Upper/Middle Thoracic versus Thoracolumbar. World Neurosurg. Published online November 6, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124630 PMID: 41205867

Level-Specific Differences in Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: A Comparative Analysis of L3 versus L4 Spinopelvic Alignment, Facet Joint Morphology, and Muscle Degeneration Patterns

退变性腰椎滑脱的节段特异性差异：L3 与 L4 节段脊柱骨盆排列、小关节形态及肌肉退变模式的比较分析

To investigate the distinct biomechanical characteristics of L3 versus L4 degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) by comparing spinopelvic sagittal parameters, facet joint morphology, and paraspinal muscle degeneration patterns. L3 and L4 DS represent distinct pathological entities with fundamentally different compensatory mechanisms, morphological adaptations, and degenerative patterns. These level-specific differences may have important implications for surgical planning and treatment strategies.

通过比较脊柱骨盆矢状位参数、小关节形态和椎旁肌退变模式，研究 L3 与 L4 退变性腰椎滑脱（DS）不同的生物力学特征。L3 和 L4 退变性腰椎滑脱代表不同的病理实体，具有根本不同的代偿机制、形态适应和退变模式。这些节段特异性差异可能对手术规划和治疗策略具有重要意义。

REF: Zhou X, Ren J, Kou J, Chang H, Zhang D, Meng X. Level-Specific Differences in Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: A Comparative Analysis of L3 versus L4 Spinopelvic Alignment, Facet Joint Morphology, and Muscle Degeneration Patterns. World Neurosurg. Published online November 7, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124629 PMID: 41205863

PEEK Cranioplasty as an Acoustic Window for Transcranial Sonography: Blinded Image Quality Assessment by Clinicians With Exploratory AI Concordance Analysis

聚醚醚酮颅骨成形术作为经颅超声检查的声学窗口：临床医生的盲法图像质量评估及探索性人工智能一致性分析

To compare transcranial sonography (TCS) image quality between polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cranioplasty and decompressive craniectomy, and to explore clinician-artificial intelligence (AI) concordance in postoperative neuroimaging interpretation. PEEK cranioplasty provides an effective acoustic window for TCS, supporting its potential as a postoperative neuro-monitoring tool. AI-based image assessment demonstrates potential as an objective and consistent adjunct to clinician evaluation in neurosonographic practice.

比较聚醚醚酮（PEEK）颅骨成形术与去骨瓣减压术后经颅超声（TCS）图像质量，并探讨临床医生与人工智能（AI）在术后神经影像学解读中的一致性。PEEK颅骨成形术为TCS提供了有效的声学窗口，支持其作为术后神经监测工具的潜力。基于人工智能的图像评估显示出作为神经超声实践中临床医生评估的客观且一致的辅助手段的潜力。

REF: Chen M, Guo A, Huang Q, et al. PEEK Cranioplasty as an Acoustic Window for Transcranial Sonography: Blinded Image Quality Assessment by Clinicians With Exploratory AI Concordance Analysis. World Neurosurg. Published online November 14, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124638 PMID: 41242607

Active Cough Sputum Clearance Grading System: A Novel Predictor of Early Tracheostomy in Patients With Acute Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

主动咳嗽排痰分级系统：急性创伤性颈脊髓损伤患者早期气管切开的新预测指标

Respiratory failure is the leading cause of death in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (TCSCI). Early tracheostomy can effectively reduce the risk of secondary respiratory failure in TCSCI patients. However, there is currently a lack of robust indicators to predict which patients will require early tracheostomy. Paralysis of respiratory muscles leads to weakened cough and impaired sputum clearance, which is a major cause of secondary respiratory failure. Whether cough and sputum clearance capacity can serve as a predictor for early tracheostomy remains unclear. This study, for the first time, proposes a grading system for cough and sputum clearance in TCSCI, and our findings suggest that ACSG may have predictive value for early tracheostomy requirements.

呼吸衰竭是创伤性颈脊髓损伤（TCSCI）患者死亡的主要原因。早期气管切开术可有效降低TCSCI患者发生继发性呼吸衰竭的风险。然而，目前缺乏可靠的指标来预测哪些患者需要早期气管切开术。呼吸肌麻痹导致咳嗽无力和痰液清除功能受损，这是继发性呼吸衰竭的主要原因。咳嗽和痰液清除能力能否作为早期气管切开术的预测指标尚不清楚。本研究首次提出了TCSCI患者咳嗽和痰液清除分级系统，我们的研究结果表明，主动脉缩窄分级法（ACSG，此处原文可能表述有误，推测为自定义的咳嗽和痰液清除分级系统相关内容）可能对早期气管切开术的需求具有预测价值。

REF: Shi X, Li Q, Qian Y, et al. Active Cough Sputum Clearance Grading System: A Novel Predictor of Early Tracheostomy in Patients With Acute Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury. World Neurosurg. Published online November 13, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124639 PMID: 41241049

Trends of Incidence and Survival of Brain Metastases from Lung Cancer

肺癌脑转移的发病率及生存趋势

Brain metastases are common complications in patients with advanced lung cancer. However, the incidence and prognosis of brain metastases from lung cancer remained vague and outdated. Hence, we sought to analyze trends in the incidence and prognosis of brain metastases from lung cancer from 2010 to 2021. The incidence of brain metastases from lung cancer was decreasing, while the survival time was increasing at different rates.

脑转移是晚期肺癌患者常见的并发症。然而，肺癌脑转移的发病率和预后情况仍不明确且数据陈旧。因此，我们试图分析2010年至2021年肺癌脑转移的发病率和预后趋势。肺癌脑转移的发病率呈下降趋势，而患者生存时间则以不同速度延长。

REF: Zhang C, Zhang H, Jia W. Trends of Incidence and Survival of Brain Metastases from Lung Cancer. World Neurosurg. Published online November 12, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124636 PMID: 41238059

The Impact of the Bypass Transport Method on Clinical Outcomes After Large Vessel Occlusion: A Pooled-Proportion Meta-Analysis

旁路转运方法对大血管闭塞后临床结局的影响：一项合并比例的荟萃分析

Strokes are a leading cause of death worldwide, with a majority being ischemic. Treatments include intravenous thrombolytics and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for large vessel occlusions. With both being time-sensitive, there has been a focus on emergency transport decisions; however, there is a deficit of large, multi-institutional studies to support the use of a bypass transport system where patients suspected of large vessel occlusion are transported directly to a comprehensive stroke center (CSC) even if they bypass other centers. This meta-analysis compares the 90-day mortality and functional outcomes between patients, and we found a statistically significant improvement in time to MT for those directly transported to a CSC; however, there was not a significant difference in clinical outcomes.

中风是全球主要的死因之一，其中大多数为缺血性中风。治疗方法包括静脉溶栓治疗以及针对大血管闭塞的机械取栓术（MT）。由于这两种治疗方法都有时间敏感性，因此人们一直关注紧急转运决策；然而，目前缺乏大型多机构研究来支持采用绕行转运系统，即疑似大血管闭塞的患者即使绕过其他医院也要直接转运至综合中风中心（CSC）。这项荟萃分析比较了患者的90天死亡率和功能结局，我们发现直接转运至综合中风中心的患者在接受机械取栓术的时间上有统计学意义的改善；然而，临床结局并无显著差异。

REF: Lauinger AR, Bowman C, Nyaaba W, Hoskeri R, Polites G, Arnold PM. The Impact of the Bypass Transport Method on Clinical Outcomes After Large Vessel Occlusion: A Pooled-Proportion Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg. Published online November 5, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124626 PMID: 41203199

Defining Optimal Residual Tumor Volume for Survival in IDH-Wildtype Glioblastoma

确定异柠檬酸脱氢酶野生型胶质母细胞瘤生存的最佳残余肿瘤体积

Survival outcomes in glioblastoma (GBM) are influenced by age, functional status, methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status, and extent of resection (EOR). Prior research on the EOR has focused on the degree of resection relative to the pre-operative tumor volume. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the influence of residual tumor volume (RTV) thresholds, stratified by methylation status, on survival in GBM. An RTV of 1.75 cm3confers optimal survival benefit in IDH wildtype GBM. A threshold RTV of 1.75 cm3in methylated and 2.50 cm3in unmethylated IDH wildtype GBM confers optimal survival benefit. Our findings suggest that RTV may be a more accurate prognostic tool than EOR and could guide surgical decision-making.

胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）的生存结局受年龄、功能状态、甲基鸟嘌呤 - DNA 甲基转移酶（MGMT）启动子甲基化状态和切除范围（EOR）的影响。此前关于切除范围的研究主要集中在相对于术前肿瘤体积的切除程度上。因此，我们试图评估按甲基化状态分层的残留肿瘤体积（RTV）阈值对胶质母细胞瘤患者生存的影响。在异柠檬酸脱氢酶（IDH）野生型胶质母细胞瘤中，1.75 cm³的残留肿瘤体积可带来最佳生存获益。在 IDH 野生型胶质母细胞瘤中，甲基化状态下 1.75 cm³和未甲基化状态下 2.50 cm³的残留肿瘤体积阈值可带来最佳生存获益。我们的研究结果表明，残留肿瘤体积可能是比切除范围更准确的预后工具，并可为手术决策提供指导。

REF: Antony J, McHugh H, Chandhok S, et al. Defining Optimal Residual Tumor Volume for Survival in IDH-Wildtype Glioblastoma. World Neurosurg. Published online November 19, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124642 PMID: 41265784

Prediction of Malignant Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction Via Dual-Energy Computed Tomography-Derived Parameters

基于双能量计算机断层扫描衍生参数预测恶性急性大脑中动脉梗死

This study evaluated the utility of dual-energy computed tomography angiography (DECT) in predicting malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMI) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). DECT-derived quantitative parameters, particularly when combined with clinical data, serve as reliable early biomarkers for identifying stroke patients at high risk of MMI, offering predictive accuracy akin to final infarct outcomes. This approach may guide timely intervention in malignant cerebral edema.

本研究评估了双能量计算机断层血管造影（DECT）在预测急性缺血性卒中（AIS）患者恶性大脑中动脉梗死（MMI）方面的应用价值。DECT得出的定量参数，尤其是与临床数据相结合时，可作为可靠的早期生物标志物，用于识别发生MMI高风险的卒中患者，其预测准确性与最终梗死结局相近。这种方法可能有助于指导对恶性脑水肿进行及时干预。

REF: Shang K, Wang S, Ye L, et al. Prediction of Malignant Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction Via Dual-Energy Computed Tomography-Derived Parameters. World Neurosurg. Published online November 19, 2025. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2025.124647 PMID: 41265782