Differentially Expressed Genes and Biological Pathways in Moyamoya Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Transcriptomic Studies

烟雾病中的差异表达基因和生物通路：转录组学研究的系统评价与荟萃分析

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular disorder characterised by the progressive stenosis of bilateral internal carotid arteries, predominantly affecting East Asian populations. Recent advances in RNA expression studies have provided insights into the molecular underpinnings of MMD. This study aims to aggregate transcriptomic data to identify the top differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across published studies and elucidate biological pathways associated with MMD. This study identifies distinct biological pathways that are dysregulated in key tissues of MMD patients. Given the current limited treatment options for MMD, our findings offer potential biomarkers for risk stratification and novel therapeutic targets that could pave the way for improved management of this debilitating disease.

烟雾病（MMD）是一种慢性脑血管疾病，其特征是双侧颈内动脉进行性狭窄，主要影响东亚人群。近期RNA表达研究的进展为揭示烟雾病的分子基础提供了新的见解。本研究旨在整合转录组数据，以确定已发表研究中排名靠前的差异表达基因（DEGs），并阐明与烟雾病相关的生物学通路。本研究确定了在烟雾病患者关键组织中失调的独特生物学通路。鉴于目前烟雾病的治疗选择有限，我们的研究结果为风险分层提供了潜在的生物标志物，并为开发新的治疗靶点奠定了基础，有望改善这种致残性疾病的治疗。

REF: Chen Y, Lai HX, Liew E, et al. Differentially Expressed Genes and Biological Pathways in Moyamoya Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Transcriptomic Studies. Transl Stroke Res. Published online September 23, 2025. doi:10.1007/s12975-025-01377-7 PMID: 40986145

CircRNA circ_0004058 Modulates Early Brain Injury in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Through miR-221-3p and VE1 Activation Pathway

环状RNA circ_0004058通过miR - 221 - 3p和VE1激活通路调节蛛网膜下腔出血后的早期脑损伤

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) frequently results in early brain injury (EBI), which remains a major barrier to favorable neurological recovery. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of EBI is crucial for developing targeted therapeutics. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as influential molecular players in various brain injury contexts. This study focuses on one such molecule, circ_0004058, examining its impact on EBI through interaction with miR-221-3p and the VE1 signaling pathway. The results suggest that circ_0004058 holds promise as a therapeutic target, offering new possibilities for the development of strategies to mitigate SAH-induced brain damage. Through this study, circ_0004058 is highlighted not only as a biomarker but also as a possible avenue for therapeutic modulation in SAH management.

蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）常导致早期脑损伤（EBI），而早期脑损伤仍是神经功能良好恢复的主要障碍。了解早期脑损伤的分子机制对于开发有针对性的治疗方法至关重要。环状RNA（circRNAs）已成为各种脑损伤情况下有影响力的分子参与者。本研究聚焦于其中一种分子circ_0004058，通过研究其与miR - 221 - 3p和VE1信号通路的相互作用来探讨其对早期脑损伤的影响。研究结果表明，circ_0004058有望成为一个治疗靶点，为减轻蛛网膜下腔出血所致脑损伤的策略开发提供了新的可能性。通过这项研究，circ_0004058不仅被凸显为一种生物标志物，还被视为蛛网膜下腔出血管理中治疗调节的一个可能途径。

REF: Gu H, Cai Y. CircRNA circ_0004058 Modulates Early Brain Injury in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Through miR-221-3p and VE1 Activation Pathway. Transl Stroke Res. Published online September 16, 2025. doi:10.1007/s12975-025-01383-9 PMID: 40956561

Differential Effects of Murine Stroke Models on Dopaminergic Neurons, Glial Responses, and Neurobehavioral Outcomes

小鼠中风模型对多巴胺能神经元、神经胶质反应和神经行为学结果的不同影响

Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, often resulting in persistent motor, cognitive, and emotional impairments. While the hippocampus and amygdala play critical roles in post-stroke behavioral changes, specific neuronal alterations and prolonged glial responses within these regions across different stroke types remain unclear. This study investigates the behavioral, neuronal, and glial effects of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), and photothrombotic stimulation (PTS) in mice. These findings highlight the differential effects of stroke models on behavior, neuronal populations, and glial responses in limbic regions. The pronounced dopaminergic and glial alterations in SAH and tMCAO may underlie post-stroke emotional and cognitive disturbances.

中风是全球致残的主要原因之一，常导致持续性的运动、认知和情感障碍。虽然海马体和杏仁核在中风后的行为变化中起着关键作用，但不同类型中风中这些脑区的特定神经元改变和持续的神经胶质细胞反应仍不清楚。本研究探究了蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）、短暂性大脑中动脉阻塞（tMCAO）和光栓刺激（PTS）对小鼠行为、神经元和神经胶质细胞的影响。这些研究结果凸显了不同中风模型对边缘脑区的行为、神经元群体和神经胶质细胞反应的不同影响。SAH 和 tMCAO 中明显的多巴胺能改变和神经胶质细胞改变可能是中风后情感和认知障碍的基础。

REF: Tabassum S, Hu H, Wu S, et al. Differential Effects of Murine Stroke Models on Dopaminergic Neurons, Glial Responses, and Neurobehavioral Outcomes. Transl Stroke Res. Published online September 12, 2025. doi:10.1007/s12975-025-01381-x PMID: 40936047

Cisternal Contrast-Enhanced MRI Reveals Post-Stroke Glymphatic Impairment and Compensatory Metabolic Waste Clearance via Microglia/Macrophages

脑池造影增强磁共振成像揭示卒中后类淋巴系统功能障碍及通过小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞实现的代偿性代谢废物清除

Recent studies have shown that the glymphatic system plays a crucial role in driving hyperacute edema after ischemic stroke. This has sparked interest in understanding how this system changes in later phases of ischemic stroke. In this study, we utilized cisternal contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) and immunofluorescence staining to investigate glymphatic system alterations at subacute and chronic phases of ischemic stroke. These findings suggest cisternal CE-MRI might be a useful tool for investigating the interaction between the glymphatic system and microglia/macrophages in waste clearance and neuroinflammation after brain insult.

近期研究表明，胶质淋巴系统在缺血性中风后引发超急性水肿方面起着至关重要的作用。这引发了人们对了解该系统在缺血性中风后期阶段如何变化的兴趣。在本研究中，我们利用脑池造影增强磁共振成像（CE - MRI）和免疫荧光染色技术，来研究缺血性中风亚急性和慢性阶段胶质淋巴系统的变化。这些发现提示，脑池CE - MRI可能是一种有用的工具，可用于研究胶质淋巴系统与小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞在脑损伤后废物清除和神经炎症中的相互作用。

REF: Sun C, Li C, Lin L, et al. Cisternal Contrast-Enhanced MRI Reveals Post-Stroke Glymphatic Impairment and Compensatory Metabolic Waste Clearance via Microglia/Macrophages. Transl Stroke Res. Published online September 10, 2025. doi:10.1007/s12975-025-01373-x PMID: 40928633

The Effect of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients Treated with Endovascular Therapy: A RESIST Trial Post Hoc Study

远程缺血预适应对接受血管内治疗患者的影响：一项RESIST试验事后分析研究

Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a simple, non-invasive procedure that has been shown to be safe and feasible in multiple smaller clinical trials. Recent large randomized controlled trials have yielded mixed results regarding clinical effect. Patients with severe stroke may experience greater benefit from cerebroprotective interventions, highlighting the need for adjunctive therapies to enhance endovascular therapy (EVT) outcomes. This post hoc analysis of the RESIST trial evaluates the effect of RIC in the subgroup of patients who underwent EVT. The effect of RIC was present only in patients achieving complete reperfusion (mTICI 3) following EVT and IVT (54 out of 134 patients). RIC treatment in addition to IVT and EVT was associated with significantly improved functional outcome at 90 days, observed only in patients who achieved complete reperfusion.

远程缺血预适应（RIC）是一种简单、无创的操作，多项小型临床试验已证明其安全可行。近期大型随机对照试验在临床效果方面得出了喜忧参半的结果。重症卒中患者可能从脑保护干预措施中获得更大益处，这凸显了需要辅助疗法来改善血管内治疗（EVT）的效果。这项对RESIST试验的事后分析评估了RIC对接受EVT患者亚组的影响。RIC的效果仅出现在接受EVT和静脉溶栓治疗（IVT）后实现完全再灌注（改良脑梗死溶栓分级[mTICI] 3级）的患者中（134例患者中有54例）。在接受IVT和EVT的基础上再进行RIC治疗，与90天时功能结局显著改善相关，且这种情况仅在实现完全再灌注的患者中观察到。

REF: Blauenfeldt RA, Hess DC, Gaist D, et al. The Effect of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients Treated with Endovascular Therapy: A RESIST Trial Post Hoc Study. Transl Stroke Res. Published online September 6, 2025. doi:10.1007/s12975-025-01379-5 PMID: 40913213

How Do Patient Outcomes in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Large-Core Stroke Vary Based on Neuroimaging Modalities Used for Patient Selection? A Multicenter Multinational Study

基于用于患者选择的神经影像学检查方法，大核心梗死型卒中患者接受机械取栓治疗的预后有何不同？一项多中心跨国研究

The role of different imaging modalities-non-contrast CT (NCCT), CT perfusion (CTP), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-in selecting patients with large-core stroke for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a subject of ongoing debate. This study aims to determine whether patients with large-core acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing EVT triaged with CTP or DWI in addition to NCCT had different clinical outcomes compared to those only triaged with NCCT. NCCT alone may be sufficient to select patients for EVT in this patient population, especially in settings with limited resources.

不同成像方式——非对比增强 CT（NCCT）、CT 灌注成像（CTP）和弥散加权成像（DWI）——在筛选适合血管内血栓切除术（EVT）的大核心梗死脑卒中患者方面的作用一直是持续争论的话题。本研究旨在确定除 NCCT 外，采用 CTP 或 DWI 进行分诊的大核心急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）患者接受 EVT 后的临床结局与仅采用 NCCT 分诊的患者是否不同。仅使用 NCCT 可能足以在这类患者群体中筛选适合接受 EVT 的患者，尤其是在资源有限的情况下。

REF: Alwakaa O, Abo Kasem R, Ramirez-Velandia F, et al. How Do Patient Outcomes in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Large-Core Stroke Vary Based on Neuroimaging Modalities Used for Patient Selection? A Multicenter Multinational Study. Transl Stroke Res. Published online September 3, 2025. doi:10.1007/s12975-025-01378-6 PMID: 40900221

Plasma Profiles of Neuroglial Injury Biomarkers after Ischemic Stroke

缺血性中风后神经胶质细胞损伤生物标志物的血浆谱

To determine the temporal profiles of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light (NFL), total tau (t-tau), and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) in plasma the first week after acute ischemic stroke, and identify the optimal time points for assessing infarct volume by these biomarkers. This high-resolution serial sampling of plasma GFAP, NFL, t-tau, and UCHL1 the first week after acute ischemic stroke identified three distinct temporal profiles. These biomarkers provided the most accurate infarct volume assessment 4-6 days after symptom onset.

确定急性缺血性中风后第一周血浆中胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、神经丝轻链（NFL）、总 Tau 蛋白（t - tau）和泛素羧基末端水解酶 L1（UCHL1）的时间变化特征，并确定通过这些生物标志物评估梗死体积的最佳时间点。急性缺血性中风后第一周对血浆 GFAP、NFL、t - tau 和 UCHL1 进行的高分辨率连续采样确定了三种不同的时间变化特征。这些生物标志物在症状发作后 4 - 6 天对梗死体积的评估最为准确。

REF: Sjölin K, Röyter B, Forgo B, et al. Plasma Profiles of Neuroglial Injury Biomarkers after Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res. Published online September 3, 2025. doi:10.1007/s12975-025-01380-y PMID: 40900222