原文题目：

Prospective Associations of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging Biomarkers with Fatigue Symptom Severity in Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury

原文链接：

https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2021.0476

[REF: Ryan NP, Catroppa C, Beauchamp MH, et al. Prospective Associations of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging Biomarkers with Fatigue Symptom Severity in Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma. 2023;40(5-6):449-456. doi:10.1089/neu.2021.0476 PMID: 35994391]

This prospective study aimed to evaluate the independent value of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) biomarkers, over-and-above known risk factors, to predict fatigue symptom severity in children with TBI. Overall, we found that total subacute volume of SWI lesions explained up to 24% additional variance in multi-dimensional fatigue, over-and-above known risk factors.

这项前瞻性研究旨在评估磁敏感加权成像(SWI)生物标记物预测儿童脑外伤后疲劳症状严重程度的独立价值。总体而言，我们发现，SWI损伤的总亚急性体积解释了多维度疲劳的24%额外差异，超过了已知的危险因素。

原文题目：

Diffusion Tensor and Kurtosis Imaging Findings the First Year following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

原文链接：

https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2022.0206

This prospective cohort study aimed to characterize diffusion changes in white matter the first year after MTBI. In conclusion, patients with MTBI differed from controls in white matter integrity already 72 h after injury. Diffusion metrics remained relatively stable throughout the first year after MTBI and were not driven by deviating diffusion in patients with a more severe MTBI.

这项前瞻性队列研究旨在描述MTBI后第一年脑白质弥散变化的特征。总而言之，MTBI患者在伤后72小时白质完整性方面与对照组有所不同。弥散指标在MTBI后第一年保持相对稳定，并且不受较严重MTBI患者的扩散偏离所影响。

原文题目：

Cerebral Metabolic Dysfunction at the Acute Phase of Traumatic Brain Injury Correlates with Long-Term Tissue Loss

原文链接：

https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2022.0161

In this pre-planned analysis of the BIOmarkers of AXonal injury after Traumatic Brain Injury (BIO-AX-TBI) prospective study, we investigated any associations of LP ratio with brain structure volume change rates at 1 year. We demonstrate a strong association between acute post-traumatic cerebral metabolic dysfunction and 1-year gray matter atrophy, reinforcing the role of CMD LP ratio as an early biomarker of poor long-term recovery after TBI.

在这项关于创伤性脑损伤后轴突损伤生物标志物的预先计划分析(BIO-AX-TBI)的前瞻性研究中，我们调查了1年后LP比率与脑结构体积变化率的关系。我们证明了急性创伤后脑代谢功能障碍与1年灰质萎缩之间的强烈关联，强化了CMD LP比率作为颅脑损伤后长期恢复不良的早期生物标志物的作用。

The purpose of this study was to examine the association of serum tau, neurofilament light chain (NFL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL-1) concentrations evaluated within the first 12 months after a military-related TBI, with longitudinal changes in neurobehavioral functioning extending two or more years post-injury. These findings suggest that a blood-based panel including these biomarkers could be a useful prognostic tool to identifying those individuals at risk of poor future outcome after TBI.

本研究的目的是研究军事相关颅脑损伤后12个月内血清tau、神经丝轻链(NFL)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和泛素羧基末端水解酶L1(UCHL-1)浓度与神经行为功能变化的关系。这些发现表明，包括这些生物标志物在内的基于血液的检测可能是一种有用的判断预后的工具，可以用来识别那些面临脑外伤后预后不良风险的人。

原文题目：

Cost Implications of Insurance Associated Disparities in Post-Acute Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation

原文链接：

https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2022.0306

This study sought to quantify inpatient rehabilitation access by insurance and estimate the cost implications. The consequences of decreased intensive rehabilitation utilization in terms of functional recovery and long-term cost implications require further investigation.

这项研究试图量化住院康复治疗患者的保险覆盖率，并估计其成本影响。在功能恢复和长期费用影响方面，减少密集康复的后果需要进一步调查。

原文题目：

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury: Pathophysiology, Outcomes, and Future Directions

原文链接：

https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2021.0455

The purpose of the current study was to review the literature on TBI for evidence of racial/ethnic differences in the U.S. We propose that future studies investigate the possibility of racial/ethnic differences in inflammation and oxidative stress within the context of TBI to determine whether there is any relationship or impact on TBI outcome.

本研究的目的是回顾有关脑损伤的文献，以寻找美国种族/民族差异的证据。我们建议未来的研究在脑损伤的背景下调查炎症和氧化应激的种族/民族差异的可能性，以确定是否存在任何关系或影响脑损伤的预后。

原文题目：

Development and External Validation of a Machine Learning Model for the Early Prediction of Doses of Harmful Intracranial Pressure in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

原文链接：

https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/neu.2022.0251

The goal of this study was to develop and validate a machine-learning (ML) model to predict potentially harmful ICP doses in patients with severe TBI. The proposed prediction model provides accurate and timely predictions of harmful doses of ICP on the development and external validation dataset. A future interventional study is needed to assess whether early intervention on the basis of ICP dose predictions will result in improved outcomes.

这项研究的目的是开发和验证一个机器学习(ML)模型来预测重型颅脑损伤患者潜在有害的ICP水平。本预测模型在开发和外部验证数据集上提供了对ICP有害剂量的准确和及时的预测。未来需要进行一项干预性研究，以评估基于ICP水平预测的早期干预是否会导致改善预后。

Our objectives were to: 1) characterize SP, as well as a set of pre-injury, injury-related, and post-injury variables in individuals participating in inpatient-outpatient or outpatient rehabilitation pathways within a universally accessible and organized trauma continuum of care; and 2) examine the ability of pre-injury, injury-related, and post-injury variables in predicting SP outcome after TBI according to rehabilitation path.

我们的目标是：1)在一个普遍可及且有组织的创伤护理连续体中，对参与住院-门诊或门诊康复路径的个体的SP以及一组损伤前、损伤相关和损伤后变量进行表征；以及2)根据康复路径检验损伤前、损伤相关和损伤后变量预测颅脑损伤后SP结果的能力。

This study analyzes differences in epidemiology, management, and outcomes preceding and during the COVID-19 pandemic for neurotrauma patients in a Rwandan tertiary hospital. Neurotrauma volume remained unchanged at CHUK during the COVID-19 pandemic, but presenting patients had higher injury acuity and craniotomy rates. These findings may inform care during pandemic conditions in Rwanda and similar settings.

这项研究分析了卢旺达一家医院的神经创伤患者在新冠肺炎大流行之前和期间的流行病学、管理和预后的差异。在新冠肺炎大流行期间，Chuk的神经创伤量保持不变，但呈现的患者有更高的损伤敏锐度和开颅手术比率。这些发现可能会在卢旺达大流行情况下和类似情况下为照护工作提供参考。

In this study, we further characterized the decrease in long-term potentiation (LTP) by varying the blast injury severity and the inter-blast interval between two blast exposures. LTP deficits were attenuated with increasing inter-blast intervals. These findings could inform the development of therapeutic strategies to treat the neurological deficits of repeated bTBI suggesting that microglia play a major role in functional neuronal deficits and may be a viable therapeutic target to lessen the neurophysiological deficits after bTBI.

在这项研究中，我们通过改变爆炸伤的严重程度和两次爆炸暴露之间的间隔来进一步表征长时程增强(LTP)的下降。LTP缺陷随冲击间隔的增加而减弱。这些发现可能为治疗反复bTBI后神经功能缺失的治疗策略的发展提供参考，提示小胶质细胞在功能神经元缺失中发挥重要作用，并可能成为减轻bTBI后神经生理学缺失的可行治疗靶点。

We examined blast-induced alterations on the transcriptome in four brain areas (anterior cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum) across the time frame over which the PTSD-related behavioral phenotype develops. These studies have implications for understanding how blast injury damages the brain and implicates inflammation as a potential therapeutic target.

我们检查了爆炸诱导的四个大脑区域(前皮层、海马体、杏仁核和小脑)转录组的变化，跨越了与创伤后应激障碍相关的行为表型发展的时间框架。这些研究对于理解冲击伤如何损害大脑并将炎症作为潜在的治疗靶点具有重要意义。

Here, we present data using a mild closed head TBI model and an experimental stroke occurring either 7 or 28 days later in both male and female mice. Taken together, these data suggest that mTBI can result in persistent cerebrovascular dysfunction and increased susceptibility to worsened ischemic outcomes, although these dysfunctions occur differently in male and female mice.

我们使用轻度闭合性头部脑损伤模型的数据，以及发生在7天或28天后的雄性和雌性小鼠的中风模型。综上所述，这些数据表明，mTBI可以导致持续性脑血管功能障碍，并增加对恶化的缺血结果的易感性，尽管这些功能障碍在雄性和雌性小鼠中发生的情况不同。

In this review, we discuss related approaches to ICP forecasting and IH prediction algorithms, which collectively provide the foundation for the successful development of an operational tIH prediction system. We also discuss operationalization and the statistical assessment of tIH algorithms. This review will be of relevance to clinicians and researchers interested in development of this technology as well as those with a general interest in the bedside application of machine learning (ML) technology.

在这篇综述中，我们讨论了与颅内压预测和IH预测算法相关的方法，它们共同为成功开发可操作的TIH预测系统提供了基础。我们还讨论了TIH算法的可操作性和统计评估。这篇综述将对临床医生和对这项技术的开发感兴趣的研究人员以及那些对机器学习(ML)技术的床边应用普遍感兴趣的人具有重要意义。

This systematic review aims to provide an overlook of the behavioral and neurochemical effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in pre-clinical TBI models.

本文就经颅直流电刺激、经颅磁刺激、脑深部刺激和迷走神经刺激在临床前脑损伤模型中的应用和神经化学效应作一综述。

首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经外科博士研究生

主要研究方向为糖皮质激素在创伤性脑损伤后继发性损伤和修复的机制